Introduction — Choosing the Wrong Product Can Destroy a New Buyer

Every new entrant in petroleum trading asks:

• “Should I start with Jet A1?”

• “Is EN590 easier?”

• “Is Crude Oil where the real money is?”

But most fail because they choose products they cannot finance, deliver, or manage operationally, resulting in:

❌ Rejection by sellers
❌ Failure during compliance
❌ Inability to pass POP/Q&Q
❌ Tank farm issues
❌ Vessel mismanagement
❌ Loss of credibility
❌ Wasted time with fake deals

This article gives you the real, institutional-level comparison of Jet A1, EN590, and Crude Oil—and reveals which product is BEST for new buyers in 2025.

SECTION 1 — Understanding the Real Market Context

1.1 Refineries Do Not Sell Everything to Everyone

Different products have different:

• Buyers

• Compliance requirements

• Logistics

• Specifications

• Risks

You cannot approach Jet A1 the same way you approach EN590 or Crude.

1.2 Price Is NOT the Issue — Operations Are

New buyers often choose a product because:

• “It’s high demand”

• “Profit margin is big”

• “Everyone wants Jet A1”

But they ignore:

• Tank farm logistics

• Q&Q requirements

• Vessel scheduling

• POP verification

• Refinery allocation

• Financial capability

• Exposure to fraud

The best product is the one you can actually deliver.

1.3 Fraud Risk Differs by Product

Fraud distribution by product (based on global institutional data):

• Jet A1: 78% fraud rate

• Crude Oil: 62% fraud rate

• EN590: 45% fraud rate

Fake sellers TARGET Jet A1 because buyers know little about aviation standards and fall for “cheap Jet A1 deals” that do not exist.

SECTION 2 — Technical Comparison (A–Z): Jet A1 vs EN590 vs Crude Oil

2.1 Basic Definitions

2.2 Jet A1 (Aviation Fuel) — Highly Regulated

Pros

• High global demand

• Strong institutional buyers (airlines, governments)

• Premium pricing

Cons

• Requires strict aviation specifications (ASTM D1655, DEF STAN 91-091)

• High fraud rate

• Storage must be aviation-grade

• POP/Q&Q extremely strict

• No tolerance for contamination

• Difficult for new buyers to enter

• Sellers only accept top-tier buyers

Verdict:

Not recommended for new buyers in 2025.
Requires too much compliance, capital, and operational precision.

2.3 EN590 (Diesel 10 ppm) — Best for Beginners

Pros

• Most traded refined product in the world

• Easier to store, move, and sell

• Tank farms widely accessible

• SGS/Q&Q process straightforward

• Lower fraud rate vs Jet A1

• Flexible logistics (TTT, FOB, CIF)

• Smaller parcel sizes available (1,000–50,000 MT)

• Many real sellers

Cons

• Requires understanding of tank farm operations

• Still prone to scams if buyer is inexperienced

• TTT/TTT must be handled properly

• Operational documents must match refinery batch

Verdict:

Best product for new buyers in 2025.
Easiest to understand, execute, validate, and deliver.

2.4 Crude Oil — High Reward, High Risk

Pros

• Very high volume

• Very high potential profit (if structured)

• Refineries buy constantly

• Long-term contracts possible

Cons

• Requires massive financing (LC, SBLC, AR, inventory financing)

• Vessel chartering is mandatory

• POP verification extremely complex

• Government involvement in many markets

• Documentary risk very high

• Fake “Crude allocations” everywhere

• Minimum orders often 500,000–2,000,000 barrels

Verdict:

Not recommended for beginners.
Only suitable once buyer has mastered EN590 logistics.

SECTION 3 — NNRV Expert Analysis: Which Product Should New Buyers Choose?

3.1 EN590 Is the ONLY Logical Starting Point

Reasons:

• Lower compliance barrier

• Real supply available

• Refineries and tank farms are easier to verify

• Document chain is simpler

• Parcels sizes are accessible

• Jargon is easier to master

• Fraud risk manageable with guidance

• POP/Q&Q easier to validate

Jet A1 and Crude are “graduate-level products”.
EN590 is the correct entry point.

3.2 Why Jet A1 Is a Trap for Beginners

New buyers fail because they do not understand:

• Freeze point testing

• Aromatics limits

• Conductivity requirements

• Aviation storage standards

• Additive packages

• Pipeline restrictions

• Airport delivery requirements

Fake sellers exploit this lack of knowledge.

3.3 Why Crude Requires Institutional Capability

Crude trading requires:

• LC/MT760 issuance

• Vessel chartering

• Cargo insurance

• NOR/SOF management

• Lifting rights validation

• Government approvals

• Seismic data verification

Beginners cannot handle these tasks safely.

SECTION 4 — Step-by-Step Guide: How a New Buyer Should Start in 2025

**Step 1 — Begin with EN590 (3,000–10,000 MT)

The correct entry point.**

Step 2 — Learn tank storage, Q&Q, injection, pipeline logistics

Step 3 — Verify real sellers (via NNRV)

Step 4 — Structure your buyer profile properly

KYC + CP + POF + history.

Step 5 — Execute 1–3 small deals

Step 6 — Move to larger volumes (25k–50k MT)

Step 7 — Only then consider Jet A1 or Crude

This is the real path used by institutional trading desks.

SECTION 5 — 20 Buyer & Seller Questions (Institutional Answers)

10 Buyer Questions

1. Which product is easiest to buy? → EN590

2. Why not Jet A1 first? → Too complex + high fraud

3. What is the minimum EN590 parcel? → 1,000–10,000 MT

4. Is Crude impossible? → Not impossible, but requires capital

5. Why EN590 TTT is common? → Safe + quick + verifiable

6. Is Jet A1 ever discounted? → Never

7. Who verifies seller? → NNRV

8. Should I store or resell? → Depends on your capital

9. Do I need tanks to start? → Not always

10. Can I switch to crude fast? → Only after proven delivery ability

10 Seller Questions

1. Should I sell Jet A1 to new buyers? → No

2. Why do beginners fail? → Lack of logistics understanding

3. What is safest buyer structure? → Corporate + distributor

4. How do I avoid fake buyers? → KYC + NNRV validation

5. Should I accept CIF first? → Risky

6. Does EN590 require POP early? → No

7. Can I offer multiple products? → Yes, after proven delivery

8. How do I build trust? → Through consistent small deliveries

9. Should I release POP? → Only after SPA

10. Can NNRV coordinate logistics? → Yes

SECTION 6 — Why Refineries, Terminals, and Traders Agree With This Hierarchy

Global institutions align on this sequence because of:

• ASTM/EN standards

• Refinery allocation rules

• ISPS port compliance

• Basel III documentation

• ICC Incoterms 2020

• Major trading house risk scoring systems

Every major trading house trains new traders in the same order:

1. Diesel (EN590)

2. Gasoline

3. Jet A1

4. Crude

Because operational complexity increases at each level.

SECTION 7 — Professional CTA

📌 Want to Start Safely as a Petroleum Buyer in 2025?

NNRV Trade Partners offers:

• Buyer profile structuring

• Real seller verification

• Risk & compliance validation

• Tank farm & Q&Q assistance

• Step-by-step buyer onboarding

• Institutional EN590 deal facilitation

📩 info@nnrvtradepartners.com
🌐 www.nnrvtradepartners.com

Start safely. Grow strategically. Win consistently.

Mini FAQ (5 Key Questions)

1. Do airlines buy directly from brokers?
   No—only from certified suppliers.

2. Is EN590 always available?
   Yes—refineries produce it continuously.

3. Can a beginner buy Crude?
   Not without institutional capital.

4. What product has the lowest fraud?
   EN590 (when verified by NNRV).

5. What’s the recommended first deal?
   1,000–10,000 MT EN590 TTT Rotterdam/Houston/Fujairah.

Why Choose NNRV Trade Partners?

• Institutional onboarding for new buyers

• Anti-fraud & compliance expertise

• Verified allocation access

• Real tank farm and refinery verification

• Full operational assistance

• Global EN590 expertise