Full Breakdown: FOB vs CIF vs TTT vs TTV | Which Procedure Is Safest in 2025 (Institutional Petroleum Trading Guide)

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Introduction — Buyers Don’t Know Which Procedure Is “Real” (And That’s Why Deals Collapse)In 2025, EN590 & Jet A1 buyers are flooded with competing procedures:FOB (Free On Board)CIF (Cost, Insurance…

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What Buyers Must Understand About DTA (Dip Test Authorization) Before Signing | 2025 Institutional Guide for EN590 & Jet A1

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Introduction — Why Most Buyers Misunderstand DTA (and Lose the Deal Before POP)In 2025, one of the most misunderstood documents in petroleum transactions—EN590, Jet A1, Crude, D2, etc.—is the DTA…

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Why Sellers Hate Upfront Fees | What a Real Seller Will Never Ask You Before POP (2025 EN590 & Jet A1 Institutional Guide)

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Introduction — The Truth About Upfront Fees in EN590/Jet A1 Deals In 2025, the petroleum market is full of misinformation, fake mandates, and fraudulent “sellers” asking buyers for: “Reservoir fee”…

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2025 EN590 Market Price Analysis | Why Rotterdam and Jurong Have Different Premiums (Complete Institutional Guide)

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Introduction — The Truth Behind EN590 Prices in 2025 (And Why Buyers Get Confused)In 2025, EN590 prices vary significantly between Rotterdam, Jurong (Singapore), Fujairah, Houston, and Asia-Pacific hubs.Buyers constantly ask:“Why…

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How to Prove Funds Without Risk: RWA, BCL, MT799, Bank Comfort Letter – Complete Comparison (2025 Institutional Guide)

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Introduction — Why Most Buyers Fail to Prove Funds (And Lose Access to Real Sellers)In EN590, Jet A1, and SBLC-backed petroleum transactions, the #1 reason real sellers reject buyers is…

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Why 99% of Petroleum Deals Fail Before DIP Test | The Hidden Reasons No One Tells You (2025 EN590 & Jet A1 Edition)

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Introduction — The Harsh Reality: 99% of Deals Collapse Long Before DIP TestIn the global EN590, Jet A1, and D6 market, almost every deal fails before reaching DIP test.Buyers believe…

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How Long Does a Full FOB/TTT Transaction Take? (Total Timeline From ICPO to Injection | EN590, Jet A1, Rotterdam, Fujairah, Houston – 2025 Guide)

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Introduction — Why Most Buyers Have No Idea How Long a Real EN590 FOB/TTT Deal TakesIn 2025, 90% of buyers and intermediaries have incorrect expectations about timelines for EN590 or…

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What Is a Real POP? The 7 Documents That Prove the Product Exists (2025 Edition | EN590, Jet A1, Rotterdam, Houston, TTT, CIF)

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Introduction — Why 99% of Buyers Confuse POP With Fake PaperworkIn 2025, the global EN590 and Jet A1 market is dominated by:Fake PDF “POP packages”Recycled tank documents from 2019–2023Brokers pretending…

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Understanding Markup in EN590 Transactions | Why Buyers Must Never See Gross & Net Prices (2025 Full Institutional Guide)

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Introduction – The Hidden Structure of EN590 Pricing (and Why 95% of Buyers Misunderstand It)Most buyers entering EN590 or Jet A1 transactions don’t understand markup, gross vs. net pricing, or…

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How to Protect Your Commission in a Petroleum Transaction | IMFPA Explained Step by Step (EN590, Jet A1, SBLC, LC, MT799, MT103)

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Introduction – Why Most Intermediaries Lose Their Commission In global petroleum trading (EN590, Jet A1, D6, LPG, LNG), commissions are one of the most sensitive and conflictual topics: Brokers introduce…

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