Introduction — The Truth About Commission: Why Buyers Never See It and Sellers Never Put It on the InvoiceIn petroleum trading—EN590, Jet A1, Diesel, LPG, Crude, Fuel Oil—commission is one…

Introduction — Why Most ICPOs Are Rejected InstantlyEvery day, sellers, refineries, tank farms, and allocation holders receive hundreds of ICPOs for:EN590Jet A1DieselLPGCrudeFuel OilLCOULSDYet 70% of ICPOs are rejected instantly, without…

Introduction — Why Your Choice of Port Determines Whether Your EN590 TTT Deal Succeeds or FailsChoosing the correct port for a TTT (Tank-to-Tank Transfer) transaction is one of the most…

Introduction — The Real Risk Behind Requesting a Trial CargoBuyers want a trial shipment to verify:Product quality (Q&Q / SGS)Seller legitimacyOperational capabilityLogistics reliabilityFinancial performanceBut refineries and real title holders are…

Introduction — The Hidden Reality Buyers Never SeeIn every EN590 or Jet A1 transaction, money moves long before the first drop of fuel is injected, transferred, or loaded.Buyers often ask:“How…

Introduction — Why Refineries Reject Any Buyer Who Sends Only an LOIIn 2025, no refinery, no title holder, no major allocation holder, and no institutional seller accepts a simple “Letter…

Introduction — Why Most Buyers Ruin the Deal Before Sending an ICPOIn the petroleum industry (EN590, Jet A1, Diesel, LPG, Crude), an ICPO is not a simple “expression of interest.”It…

Introduction — Why 95% of Buyers Fail Refinery Compliance Before SPA or POPRefinery compliance is the main barrier between buyers and real petroleum supply.Most buyers never reach:A real refineryA real…

Introduction — Why 99% of “Sellers” in 2025 Are Fake (And How to Identify the 1% That Are Real)In 2025, the petroleum trading market (EN590, Jet A1, Crude, D2, LPG)…

Introduction — Why 98% of Buyers Are Rejected Before SPA or POPIn EN590, Jet A1, LPG, Crude, and all SBLC/LC-backed trade finance transactions, the #1 reason deals collapse is NOT…